Sometimes referred as Value Chain Emissions, Scope 3 emissions are all indirect emissions that occur in the reporting company's upstream and downstream supply chains.

Scope 2 emissions are indirect emissions which involve the purchase or import of energy needed to meet needs such as electricity, heat or cooling, steam.

Scope 1 emissions are direct greenhouse gas emissions emitted to the atmosphere as a result of fuel combustion in boilers, furnaces or vehicles under the control or directly owned by the institutions.

Biofuels are produced by processing biological resources such as plants, agricultural products, organic waste and animal fats. Biofuels, which are classified as renewable energy, can be in different forms such as bioethanol, biodiesel, biogas, and biomass.

Beyond Value Chain Mitigation (BVCM) is a strategy that aims for companies to manage not only their own areas of activity but also their wider environmental impacts. The main goals of this strategy are reducing emissions by 2030 and accelerating the process of reaching the global net zero target and provide financial aid for the development of technologies that can provide solutions against climate change.

The atmosphere is defined as the layer of air surrounding the earth. The atmosphere, which extends up to 560 kilometers above the ground, is divided into various layers depending on the temperature: troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere and thermosphere. Due to gravity, almost all of the mass of air gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, helium and hydrogen that make up the atmosphere is below 32 kilometers.

Air pollution is defined as the pollution of the indoor and outdoor environment by chemical, physical and biological agent that change the natural structure of the atmosphere. Factors such as the burning of fossil fuels, which are the main source of carbon emissions, increase the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and increase air pollution.

The Air Quality Index (AQI) is used to understand whether the atmosphere is clean or polluted and to analyze daily air quality values. The Air Quality Index focuses on the effects of breathing air on human health.